Web Survey Bibliography
When items eliciting attitudes or beliefs toward immigrants are used in cross-national research, equivalence of measurement across countries is a necessary prerequisite. Equivalence requires that respondents in all countries have at least “comparable” groups of immigrants in mind, although this might include different groups in terms of ethnicity, education, or legal status, for instance. The ideal situation that respondents have exactly the same groups of immigrants in mind is, obviously, completely unrealistic in countries in which either the composition of immigrants is different or when the coverage of immigration issues by the media and in national politics is qualitatively or quantitatively different. In this article, we will focus on four items regarding beliefs on immigrants taken from the International Social Survey Program (ISSP) 2003 questionnaire on “National Identity.” The items relate to whether immigrants increase crime rates, whether they are generally good for the economy, whether they take jobs away from native people, and whether they improve society by bringing in new ideas and cultures.
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Web survey bibliography - Braun, M. (4)
- What Does the Satisfaction with Democracy Measure Mean to Respondents in Different Countries? How Cross...; 2014; Behr, D., Braun, M.
- Testing the Validity of Gender Ideology Items by Implementing Probing Questions ; 2013; Behr, D., Braun, M., Kaczmirek, L., Bandilla, W.
- Assessing Cross-National Equivalence of Measures of Xenophobia: Evidence from Probing in Web Surveys; 2012; Behr, D., Braun, M., Kaczmirek, L.
- Establishing Cross-National Equivalence of Measures of Xenophobia: Evidence from Probing in Web Surveys...; 2011; Braun, M., Behr, D., Kaczmirek, L.